Comprehensive Review Design and Analysis of Mathematical Modeling for the Concentration of Pollution and River Water Quality

Abstract

One of the key components of the environment that determines the existence of life on Earth, influences the climate, and restricts the growth of civilisation is water. The management of water resources necessitates ongoing evaluation of its qualitative and quantitative metrics. The key to properly determining the extent of water contamination is the foundation for water resource conservation and intelligent use. Lake and dam water quality is changing.  Continual deterioration brought on by natural processes as a result of eutrophication and human-caused reasons. Modelling of changes is one of the methods used to address the issue of surface water contamination happen in lake waters, changing the water's quality in the process. During the last 30 years, a quick development of the quality of water resources has been modelled mathematically. In order to give a solution utilising mathematical modelling, this paper also aims to summarise the negative impacts of water pollution and the threat to aquatic species. The recently created models assist us in anticipating changes in water quality and in preventing future harm. The physical, chemical, and biological characteristics of water are being harmed by the release of untreated waste, sewage, dissolved oxygen, bacteria, and harmful chemical compounds from industries, as has been closely examined in this work. The paper includes various references to assist illustrate this in explicit detail. There is also discussion of the biochemical oxygen demand, nutrients, pH levels, and the process of self-purification in water bodies. The mathematical ideas used to solve non-linear differential equations in one-dimensional environments.